en Transportation Transportation Research Paper Research Paper <p><em>In this paper, a location allocation (LA) problem in construction and demolition (C&D) waste management (WM) is studied. A bi-level model for this problem under a fuzzy random environment is presented where the upper level is the governments who sets up the processing centers, and the lower level are the administrators of different construction projects who control C&D waste and the after treatment materials supply. This model using an improved particle swarm optimization program based on a fuzzy random simulation (IPSO-based FRS) is able to handle practical issues. A case study is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Conclusions and future research directions are discussed.</em></p> Location-allocation optimization, Construction waste management, Fuzzy random, PSO, Bi-level models 1 12 http://ijce.iust.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-761-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Jiuping Xu xujiuping@scu.edu.cn 180031947532846009659 180031947532846009659 Yes State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China Pei Wei weipei@163.com 180031947532846009660 180031947532846009660 No Uncertainty Decision-Making Laboratory, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China