en Structure-Steel Structure-Steel Research Paper Research Paper <p align="left"><i><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2"><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2"><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2">Barrel vaults are attractive space structures that cover large area without intermediate supports. In this paper, the charged</font></font></font></i></p> <p align="left"><i><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2"><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2"><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2">search system (CSS) optimization algorithm is employed for optimal design of barrel vaults. This method utilizes the governing</font></font></font></i></p> <p align="left"><i><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2"><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2"><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2">laws of Coulomb and Gauss from electrostatics and the Newtonian law of mechanics. The results demonstrate the efficiency of</font></font></font></i></p> <p><i><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2"><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2"><font color="#231f20" face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT" size="2">the discrete CSS algorithm compared to other meta-heuristic algorithms.</font></font></font></i></p> Heuristic optimization algorithm, Charged system search, Optimal design of barrel vaults 301 308 http://ijce.iust.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-218-56&slc_lang=en&sid=1 A. Kaveh alikaveh@iust.ac.ir 180031947532846009797 180031947532846009797 Yes Iran University of Science & Technology M. Farahani mahdifarahani84@yahoo.com 180031947532846009798 180031947532846009798 No Iran University of Science & Technology N. Shojaei na_shojaei85@yahoo.com 180031947532846009799 180031947532846009799 No Sadra University